Difference between loose coupling and tight coupling

Sunday 2 October 2016

Difference between loose coupling and tight coupling

What is Tight Coupling:-

When the components are highly dependent to each other, then if you want to change one component then it will affect the other component. Suppose I have developed a small application and using tight coupling then if I make any small change in the class then I have to change all the places where I have used the object of that class then there will be no problem but suppose we have developed a enterprise application where single class used thousand times then if any change is required to the class then I have to modify all those places where this class is used. So it is difficult maintain code in this scenario. Some codes and picture are given below to describe tight coupling in a tabular form.

What is Loose Coupling:-

Main motive of loose coupling is to reduce the inter-dependency of the components of a system. Because it will reduce the risk on changing one component will require changes in any other component. So a loose coupling is nothing but a design strategies which increase stability of entire framework, flexibility of a system and more maintainable.  Instantiation of the actual implementation will take place somewhere else in the code. This is the one of the most important reasons why dependency injection frameworks are being used. Some codes and picture are given below to describe tight coupling in a tabular form.

Real life example of Tight Coupling and Loose Coupling are

One of the best examples I have found on stackoverflow.com by BKSpurgeon

Tight coupling
Think of your skin. It's stuck to your body. It fits like a glove. But what if you wanted to change your skin colour from say white to black? Can you imagine just how painful it would be to peel off your skin, dye it, and then to paste it back on etc? Changing your skin is difficult because it is tightly coupled to your body. You just can't make changes easily. You would have to fundamentally redesign a human being in order to make this possible.
God was not a good object orientated programmer.
Loose coupling
Now think of getting dressed in the morning. You don't like blue? No problems: you can put a red shirt on instead. You can do this easily and effortlessly because the shirt is not really connected to your body the same way as your skin. The shirt doesn't know or care about what body it is going on. Clothes can easily and painlessly be changed. Perfect example of loose coupling.

Now i have describe the difference in coding standard in both coupling :

Tight Coupling
Loose Coupling
class CallingClass 
private  bool  isValidate;    
public int SetMethod() 
if (isValidate) 
return new mainClass ().Parameter; 
return 0; 
      } 
     public void Printmethod() 
new mainClass ().Main_method (); 
class mainClass
public int Parameter; 
public void Main_method() 
Console.WriteLine(Parameter); 

class CallingClass 
private ISanpleInterface  intr_imp;
public CallingClass  (ISanpleInterface  intr_variable)
{ intr_imp= intr_variable;
}
public int SetMethod() 
{ intr_imp. SetMethod();
}
public void Printmethod() 
intr_imp..Show (); 
   interface ISanpleInterface 
int SetMethod(); 
void Show(); 
class mainClass : ISanpleInterface 
public int Parameter=123; 
public int SetMethod()
{ return parameter;
}
public void Show () 
Console.WriteLine(Parameter); 


Loose Coupling advantages
This is a small code example, but in the large project is will be very hard to make those changes in every class.